Dust-collector.



' PATENTED AUG. 29, 1905.

O. M. MORSE. DUST COLLECTOR. APPLICATION FILED MAY 16, 1904.

UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE DUST-COLLECTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 29, 1905.

Application filed May 16, 1904. Serial No. 208,068

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ORVILLE M. MORSE, of Jackson, in the county ofJackson and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Dust-Collectors; and I hereby declare that the followingis a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification.

My invention relates to dust-collectors, and more particularly tocentrifugal dust-collectors, wherein the dust-laden air is caused torotate or whirl for the purpose of massing the dust, as the result ofcentrifugal action, in a portion of the machine from which the aireventually escapes.

Among the salient objects of my invention are to provide adust-collector of the character described wherein the dust separation iseconomically and effectively accomplished, to provide means forregulating the escape of air and dust through the air and dust outlets,and to generally improve the construction and operation of centrifugaldust-collectors.

With a view to attaining these and other ends my invention consists inthe features of construction and combinations of parts hereinafterclaimed; but it may be here pointed out that my invention contemplatesthe provision, in a centrifugal dust-collector, of means for sharplydeflecting portions of the air at the level of said inlet from thecircular course.

which it tends to take to the air-escape outlet. It further contemplatesthe arrangement of such deflecting means to deflect the air within aperipheral belt, the air in said belt being allowed to continue on itsnatural uninterrupted course, whereby the centrifugal pressure on saidbelt is reduced and the density thereof diminished, so that light dustparticles may penetrate therethrough to the casing-wall to be carriedwith the coarser particles to the dust-outlet.

Further, my invention contemplates the provision of valves or passagesthrough the deflecting agencies so arranged that dust carried in thedeflected air-body may escape therethrough and so arranging thedeflecting agencies relative to the tangential inlet that the incomingair-current serves to induce the passage of dust through saidvalve-openings and in the peripheral undeflected belt into the.

path of the incoming air.

My invention also contemplates the provision of a regulating device tooperate in conjunction with the air-escape outlet, as hereinafterdescribed, and other features and combinations, which will hereinafterbecome apparent.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section on line 1 1 of Fig. 2.Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on line 2 2 of Fig. 1 looking in thedirection of the arrows. Fig. 3 is a detail of the air-escape regulator.

Throughout the drawings like numerals of reference refer always to likeparts.

In the drawings, 5 indicates generally a collector-casing, hereinillustrated as comprising a cylindrical portion 5, a conical portion 5,terminating at its lower end in an axial dustoutlet spout 5, and a deck5 covering the upper end of the cylindrical portion 5 and provided withan air-outlet 5, preferably concentric with the aXis. Other forms ofcollector-casing known in the art may obviously be employed in thepractice of my invention, and I have adopted the standard form hereinshown merely as illustrative of an operative embodiment thereof.

6 indicates a tangential inlet-spout preferably communicating with thecollector-chamber at the top thereof near the periphery of thecasing-section 5.

In the plane or at the level of the inletspout, preferably immediatelyin rear thereof with reference to the direction of circulation of. theair, I provide one or more deflecting instrumentalities arranged todeflect air from within a peripheral belt to the air-outlet 5 the courseof deflection making not more than a single circuit of the machine.

Specifically, 8 indicates a plate secured to the top of the casing,having depending therefrom a deflector instrumentality 9, preferablycurved in plan and eccentrically arranged relative to the casing 5, sothat it extends to some point adjacent to but out of contact with thecasing part 5 to and preferably into longitudinal alinement with theair-outlet 5 In the construction herein shown I have inclicated thedeflecting instrumentality 9 as composed of three sections 9, 9", and9", eccentrically arranged relative to each other, so that the end ofthe deflector 9 farthest removed from the casing 5 lies in the rear(with reference to the direction of rotation of air in the casing) ofthe forward end of the next deflector 9 which in turn overlies theforward end of the innermost deflector 9. By this constructiontangential openings 10 and 10 are left between the several deflectorsfor a purpose to be hereinafter described. The

vertical extent of the deflector is preferably equal to or greater thanthe height of the inlet-spout 6, and its angular measurement withreference to the casing-axis should not exceed three hundred and sixtydegrees. Preferably the deflecting agency is as short as is practicallypossible without presenting too abrupt an angle to the circular pathwhich the air tends to take in the casing, so that it serves to deflectthe air as sharply as proper practice will warrant. The deflectorstructure, or the various deflector members thereof, is preferablyadjustable toward and from the peripheral wall of the casing. I haveherein indicated the entire structure as being adjustable as a unit andto such end provide in the plate 8 slots 11, with which engage bolts 12,takinginto the deck 5 of the casing. I also preferably employ inconjunction with my deflector structure an apron 13, which may be ofless height or vertical extent than the deflectors and extends from apoint where the deflector structure intersects the edge of the outletaround the periphery of said outlet for any suitable distance less thanthe whole circumference of the outlet.

I also preferably employ in conjunction with my machine a means forregulating and con trolling the delivery of air to the air and dustoutlet, which means I have also found controls the manner of deliveringthe dust through the outlet-spout. This means comprises, essentially, agoverning-plate 14, preferably of circular or disk form, arranged tocover a portion of the air-outlet 5. The plate 1 L is preferablyuniversally adjustable within the plane of the outlet 5 To provide thisadjust ment, I mount upon the top of the casing a guide-ring 15, withwhich engages a strap 16, adapted to be secured with relation to thering 15 by any suitable means, such as a setscrew 17, and mount theplate 14 upon the said strap 16 so it may be adjusted longitudinally ofsaid strap, such attachment being preferably'made of a clip 18, providedwith a setscrew 19. It will be obvious that by rotarily adjusting thestrap 16 and adjusting the plate 19 longitudinally thereof said platemay be centered over any area of the air-outlet 5 In the operation of mymachine the dustladen air being continually forced by a fan or blowertangentially into the casing, at the top thereof, sets up a whirl in thecasing, wherein the dust by centrifugal effect is thrown to and massedin the peripheral belt of the whirl. Normally (as evidenced by theaction of the standard or most common form of centrifugal machine) thedust-laden air tends to take a spiral downward path in the casing tosome point where the pressure of the incoming air overcomes theresistance of centrifugal effect, where said air will travel inwardtoward the axis of the casing and thence upward through the axialoutlet, the dust (or a major portion thereof) continuing in its travel'down the casing-walls to the point of escape. In my improved machine,however, when the material has about completed its first circuit of thedeflector and escape through the tangential valve-openings 10 and 10back into the incoming current. The escape of dust through thevalve-openings and along the peripheral wall is aided by the action ofthe incoming air, which induces a draft tending to draw material throughsuch openings. The peripheral belt, containing the major portion of thedust which escapes the deflector structure 9, continues unobstructed inits natural course. It will thus be seen that the deflectorinstrumentalities serve to skim or deflect the purified air away'fromthe dust-laden peripheral belt and turn the said air toward and guide itto the axial air-outlet in less than a single turn about the axis of thecasing, so that pressure within the casing is relieved and the momentumof the air body is utilized to propel it to its point of escape. This Ihave found prevents the massing of the air in the dust-laden belt orreduces the density thereof, permitting the particles of small specificgravity to reach the dust-laden belt Within the plane of the deflector,where they will then remain and pass out with other dust particles ofgreater specific'gravity at the dust-outlet.

While the machine is operative without the apron 13, I find that itsprovision prevents the undue escape of air through the dustoutlet 5, andtherefore prefer to employ the same. 14 of less area than theoutlet-aperture and manipulating said plate to vary the shape of thearea left unobstructed thereby lam enabled to regulate or control to agreat extent the air-escape through the air-outlet 5 and in machines ofthis character and probably controls to a large extent the manner ofdelivery of the dust. It is my opinion that the most perfect delivery ofthe dust is attained when there is little or no air-escape at the outlet5 and no counter-current entering through said spout, the dust travelingoutward with an uninterrupted slow spiral motion. This condition I findthat I can obtain by proper adjustment of the disk 14, and in Fig. 2 Ihave illustrated approximately a position which I find to be highlysatisfactory in the operation of the machine.

While I have herein described one opera- I also find that by providingtheplate IIO,

tive form of my invention the specific construction of which I believeto be new and advantageous and may claim, I do not desire to beunderstood as limiting the broad features of my invention to thespecificstructure illustratively shown, as it is apparent that numerous changesmight be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of myinvention.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent of the United States, is

1. In a dust-collector, a casing wherein the dust-laden air whirls,having an inlet for the dust-laden air and an air-outlet, in combinationwith a deflector extending from a point within the casing out of contactwith the wall thereof to the air-outlet and making not more than asingle turn about the axis of the easing, said deflector being arrangedwith its outer end in a path of the air in its first circuit of thecasing.

2. In a dust-collector, in combination with a casing wherein thedust-laden air whirls, having an inlet for the dust-laden air, and anair-outlet, of means in substantially the plane with the inlet fordeflecting air sharply from within a peripheral belt to the air-outlet.

3. In a dust-collector, the combination with a casing wherein thedust-laden air whirls, having an inlet for the dust-laden air, and anair-outlet, of a deflecting instrumentality in the plane of the inletextending from a point adjacent the casing-wall to the air-outlet, andmaking less than a turn about the outlet.

4. In a dust-collector, a casing wherein the dust whirls having atangential inlet for the dust-laden air, and an axial air-outlet, incombination with a deflecting instrumentality in the path of the air inits initial circuit arranged to deflect portions of the air within aperipheral belt to the air-outlet, said deflecting instrumentalityhaving an angular measurement of not more than three hundred and sixtydegrees relative to the axis of the easing and being provided withtangential dustvalve openings.

5. In a dust-collector, a casing wherein the dust-laden air whirls,having a peripheral tangential inlet for the dust-laden air, and anaxial air-outlet, in combination with a deflecting instrumentalityintersecting the path of initial circuit of the air, and extending tothe air-outlet and adjustable to vary the distance of its outer end fromthe oasing-wall.

6. In a dust-collector, the combination with a casing wherein thedust-laden air whirls, having an inlet for dust-laden air, and anairoutlet near its axis, of a curved deflector eccentrically disposedrelative to the casing in the path of initial circuit of the air,extending, with reference to the direction of rotation of the air, in aconcave curve of less than three hundred and sixty degrees angularmeasurement from a point near the casing-wall to the air-outlet.

7. In a dust-collector, the combination with a casing wherein thedust-laden air whirls having a tangential inlet for the dust-laden air,and an air-outlet near its axis, of a deflecting instrumentalityintersecting the path of initial circuit of the air and extending from apoint adjacent the peripheral wall of the casing toward the air-outlet,said instrumentality comprising a plurality of curved plates whichjointly make less than a single turn about the outlet, said plates beingeccentrically disposed relative to the casing, and each having its outerend at a less radial distance from the casing-axis than the proximateend of the adjacent-plate.

8. In a dust-collector, a casing wherein the dust whirls having aperipheral tangential inlet for the dust-laden air at one end of thecasing, an air-outlet adjacent the axis at the same end of the casing,and a dust-outlet at the other end of the casing, of a segmentaldeflecting instru mentality in substantially the plane of the tangentialinlet extending from a point adjacent the peripheral wall of the casingto the air-outlet, said deflector having therein approximatelytangential openings opening in the direction of movement of the airwithin the casing; I

9. In a dust-collector, a casing wherein the dust -laden air whirls,having a tangential peripheral inlet for the dust-laden air, anairoutlet adjacent the axis of the casing, of a deflector insubstantially the plane of the tangential inlet, extending from a pointadjacent the peripheral wall to the air-outlet, and an apron in thecasing partially surrounding said air-outlet.

10. In a dust-collector,the combination with a casing having atangential air-inlet and a substantantially axial air-outlet, of a plate14: universally adjustable transversely of the axis in substantially theplane of the outlet-opening, substantially as described.

11. Inadust-collector,the combination with a casing wherein thedust-laden air whirls having a tangential inlet for the dust-laden airand a substantially axial dust-outlet, in combination with means in thepath of initial circuit of the air for deflecting portions of the airwithin a peripheral belt toward the air-outlet, and a plate smaller thanthe outlet arranged therein to partially close the same.

12. In a dust-collector, the combination with a casing wherein thedust-laden air whirls,

having an inlet for the dust-laden air and an air-outlet, both at thesame end of a deflecting instrumentality in the path of initial circuitof the air extending into longitudinal alinementwith the air-outlet, anda governing-plate partially closing the air-outlet.

.13. In a dust-collector, in combination with a casing whereindust-laden air whirls, having an inlet for the (lust-laden air, and anairoutlet, of a deflecting instrumentality in substantially the plane ofthe inlet, and leading from a point adjacent the casing to theairoutlet, for sharply deflecting the air from Within a peripheralundefleeted belt into axial alinement With the air-outlet.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I afiix my signaturein presenee'of two Witnesses.

ORVILLE- M.- MORSE. In presence of WV. B." KNIOKERBOOKER,

FOREE 'B'AIN.

